
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are often described as the backbone of the Indian economy. They contribute significantly to employment, manufacturing, exports, and regional development while providing opportunities for entrepreneurship across urban and rural India. Because of their large presence and economic importance, any major policy reform affecting businesses has a direct impact on…

India is entering a phase that economists call the “demographic dividend“, a period when a large share of its population is of working age. On paper, this gives India a rare chance to grow faster and lift millions out of poverty. But this chance does not arrive automatically. It depends on whether the country can…

Have you ever added one more item to your online cart just to qualify for free shipping? Maybe you only planned to buy a shirt, a book, or a household item, but the website told you that you were just ₹150 away from free delivery. Instead of paying a ₹50 shipping fee, you added something…

Sixteen years after the ASEAN–India Free Trade Agreement (AIFTA) came into force, the key question is no longer whether trade has grown. It has. The more important question is why India’s imports from ASEAN continue to grow significantly faster than its exports, and what this reveal about India’s export competitiveness in one of the world’s…

War has always been more than just a military event; it is also a trade shock. During World War I, global trade is estimated to have fallen by about 25%. At the same time, World War II drove a far deeper collapse as many economies shifted towards war production and international commerce was severely fragmented.…