26 August 2026
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From Import Dependence to the Pharmacy of the World: The Rise of India’s Pharmaceutical Industry (1947–2026)
India’s pharmaceutical industry has travelled a remarkable journey since independence. In 1947, the country depended heavily on imported medicines and foreign companies, with limited domestic manufacturing and research capacity. Over the decades, policy reforms, scientific institution-building, entrepreneurship and global integration transformed the sector. The 1970 Patents Act encouraged domestic process innovation, while the 1991 economic…